The conflict was a byproduct of the broader conflict between Great Britain and France over who would dominate Europe and the wider world.
In response, the young republic declared war on Britain on June 18, Under the authority of the Orders in Council, the British seized some American merchant ships and their cargoes between and Press gangs, though ostensibly targeting British subjects for naval service, also swept up 6, to 9, Americans into the crews of British ships between and Some of the impressed sailors were born in British possessions but had migrated to the United States, while many others had attained citizenship that was either in question or simply could not be documented.
With only 16 warships, the United States could not directly challenge the Royal Navy, which had ships in service in Instead, the new nation targeted Canada, hoping to use the conquest of British territory as a bargaining chip to win concessions on the maritime issues.
But events did not play out as Americans expected. Waging war at the end of extended supply lines over the vast distances of the North American wilderness was no easy task. The British and their allies from indigenous nations in North America proved a formidable foe. American armies invaded Canada in at three points, but all three campaigns ended in failure.
One army surrendered at Detroit at the western end of Lake Erie, a second army surrendered at Queenston Heights at the other end of the lake, and a third army withdrew after little more than a skirmish north of New York. A similar multi-pronged invasion went better in , but only in the West, where an American victory on Lake Erie paved the way for a land victory at the Thames in Upper Canada, which restored U.
But further east, American forces made little headway. In , the United States was thrown on the defensive because the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte in Europe enabled the British to shift additional resources to the war in America.
The U. The two sides signed the Treaty of Ghent on December 24, Before news of the peace treaty reached America, one final battle, the Battle of New Orleans, which resulted in an American victory, occurred in January Most Ohioans actively supported the American war effort.
These British soldiers also were trading guns with the Native Americans, helping the natives to resist the advance westward of white Americans. The United States' victory in the War of ended British support to the Native Americans and virtually ended the native threat to white Ohioans, allowing these Americans to fully settle Ohio without further opposition.
Toggle navigation. War of From Ohio History Central. Jump to: navigation , search. Portrait of President James Madison , who during his presidency signed the declaration of war that officially started the War of Merchant - a person or company involved in trade, especially someone who trades with foreign countries.
Impressment - the taking of men into a military or a navy by force with or without warning. Andrew Jackson - from Tennessee, the 7 th president of the United States; he was also a lawyer, statesmen and military leader.
Why or why not? Do you think the reasons leading up to the war could have been resolved without declaring war with England? If you think the answer is yes, what would you have done differently to avoid a war and resolve the issues between the United States and England? Write your own peace treaty on behalf of the United States. Home Stories Junior Curators. Antagonizing - to cause someone irritation or cause someone to become hostile.
Hostility - unfriendly behavior toward someone. What two countries fought against each other during the War of ?
Who else was Great Britain at war with when the War of started? What treaty ended the War of ? Standards 4. Francis Scott Key Andrew Jackson 5.
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